Transfert s01e01, Quiz 9: proprement

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What does “proprement” mean?

In the phrase “J’ai fait des choses qui sont proprement inacceptables,” the word “proprement” takes on a meaning that extends beyond its basic sense of “properly” or “neatly.” Here, it is used to intensify the adjective that follows, suggesting that the actions mentioned are unequivocally or outright unacceptable.

Usage and Context:

• Emphasizing the Degree of Unacceptability: “Proprement inacceptables” means that the actions are completely, utterly, or absolutely unacceptable.
  • Example in full phrase: “I have done things that are outright unacceptable.”
• Strengthening an Adjective: This usage of “proprement” serves to emphasize and strengthen the adjective “inacceptables,” making the statement more forceful.

Grammatical Structure:

• Adverbial Use: “Proprement” is used as an adverb to modify and intensify the adjective “inacceptables” (unacceptable).

Cultural and Linguistic Notes:

• While “proprement” commonly means “neatly” or “properly,” in French, like many adverbs, it can also be used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. This nuanced use demonstrates the flexibility and expressiveness of French adverbs.
• Such use is common in literary or formal French but can also appear in everyday speech for emphasis.

In Summary:

In the context of “J’ai fait des choses qui sont proprement inacceptables,” “proprement” functions as an intensifier, meaning “outright” or “absolutely.” It emphasizes the extent to which the actions are unacceptable, demonstrating the versatile use of “proprement” in French to enhance the meaning of adjectives beyond its basic sense of “properly” or “neatly.”

What does “honte” mean?

“Honte” is a French noun that translates to “shame” or “embarrassment” in English. It refers to a feeling of distress or humiliation caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior.

Usage and Context:

• Expressing Embarrassment or Disgrace: Used to convey feelings of deep embarrassment, disgrace, or guilt.
  • Example: “Il a honte de ses erreurs.” (He is ashamed of his mistakes.)
• Moral or Social Discomfort: Often associated with actions or situations that are perceived as socially or morally unacceptable.
  • Example: “C’est une honte de se comporter ainsi.” (It’s a shame to behave like that.)

Grammatical Structure:

• Noun: “Honte” is a feminine noun in French.

Cultural Notes:

• In French culture, as in many others, the concept of “honte” is closely tied to personal and social values. Expressing “honte” can be a way of acknowledging a failure to meet these values or standards.
• The expression “avoir honte” (to have shame) is commonly used to express personal feelings of shame or embarrassment.

In Summary:

“Honte” means “shame” or “embarrassment” in French and is used to describe feelings of humiliation or distress, often related to socially or morally unacceptable actions. It’s a powerful word that reflects the importance of social and moral standards in personal and collective consciousness within French culture.